Some of my family and friends have asked why I'm submitting my manuscript to a literary agent, instead of directly to the publishers. I will offer my opinion and links to a few more reputable sources.
So, why are literary agents necessary? Short answer: Because literary agents act as gatekeepers to the publishing houses.
A longer answer: Getting an agent is like getting a college degree.
In today's world, it's unlikely that you'll be successful without one. Some say, "well, so-and-so got published without an agent." Yes, I know. And there are examples of people that are extremely successful without a college degree, but as you will agree, these people are the exception, not the rule.
There's a certain vetting process that happens while obtaining an agent. The process is frought with mindless hoops, but in the end you (and your manuscript) will come through smarter and better prepared. Publishers will see that you've done what it takes to get your "degree", proving that you might be someone they would "hire".
I hope this answers your questions. Where am I in the process? Well, I'm still the geeky freshman at the back of the Publishing 101 class. I hope I pass.
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